Indian Heroes - Famous Indian Personalities

Indian Heroes - Famous Indian Personalities

Indian Entrepreneurs

Dhirubhai Ambani

JRD Tata

Adi Godrej

Anil Ambani

Dr. K. Anji Reddy

Azim Premji

Bhai Mohan Singh

B.M. Munjal

Ekta Kapoor

Ghanshyam Das Birla

Karsanbhai Patel

Kiran Mazumdar Shaw

K.P. Singh

Kumar Mangalam Birla

Lalit Suri

M.S. Oberoi

Mukesh Ambani

Nandan Nilekani

Narayana Murthy

Naresh Goyal

Dr. Pratap Reddy

Rahul Bajaj

Ramalinga Raju

Ratan Tata

Raunaq Singh

Shiv Nadar

Subhash Chandra

Subroto Roy

Sunil Mittal

Tulsi Tanti

Verghese Kurien

Vijay Mallya

Mallika Srinivasan

Naina Lal Kidwai

Shahnaz Hussain

Sulajja Firodia Motwani

Shobhana Bhartia

Leaders

Jawaharlal Nehru

Annie Besant

Aruna Asaf Ali

Aurobindo Ghose

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Shaheed Bhagat Singh

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Chandrashekhar Azad

Dadabhai Naoroji

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Jawaharlal Nehru

Lala Lajpat Rai

Lal Bahadur Shastri

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

Motilal Nehru

Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Rajiv Gandhi

Sardar Patel

Sarojini Naidu

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Subhas Chandra Bose

Veer Savarkar

Kasturba Gandhi

Madam Cama

Rajkumari Amrit Kaur

Sucheta Kriplani

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

Abdul Ghaffar Khan

Ajmal Khan

Pattabhi Sitaramayya

Bipin Chandra Pal

Chittaranjan Das

Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari

Gopinath Bordoloi

Jayaprakash Narayan

K Kamaraj

MangalPandey

Mridula Sarabhai

Rani Gaidinliu

S. Srinivasa Iyengar

Sir Surendranath Banerjee

Musicians

Hariprasad Chaurasia

Ustad Ali Akbar Khan

Ustad Amjad Ali Khan

Hariprasad Chaurasia

MS Subbulakshmi

Ravi Shankar

Shiv Kumar Sharma

Zakir Hussain

Ananda Shankar

AR Rahman

Beghum Akhtar

Pandit Debu Chaudhuri

Sri Lalgudi Jayarama Iyer

RD Burman

Swathi Thirunal

Miyan Tansen

Tyagaraja

Allauddin Khan

Annapurna Devi

Bismillah Khan

L. Subramaniam

Muthuswami Dikshitar

Indian Singers

Alisha Chinai

Alka Yagnik

Asha Bhosle

Lata Mangeshkar

Shubha Mudgal

Kishore Kumar

Kundan Lal Saigal

Mohammed Rafi

Classical Dancers

Mallika Sarabhai

Shovana Narayan

Sonal Mansingh

Yamini Krishnamurthy

Rukmini Devi Arundale

Uday Shankar

Birju Maharaj

Painters

Amrita Shergill

Jamini Roy

Raja Ravi Varma

MF Hussain

Tyeb Mehta

Anjolie Ela Menon

Francis Newton Souza

Rameshwar Broota

SH Raza

Others

Tenzing Norgay

Amritanandamayi

Mirabai

Sister Nivedita

Begum Hazrat Mahal

Rani Lakshmi Bai

M G Ranade

Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay

Shakuntala Devi

NRI Entrepreneurs

Amar Bose Profile

Arun Sarin

Indra Nooyi

Lakshmi Mittal

Sabeer Bhatia

Lord Swaraj Paul

Vinod Dham

Vinod K

India Film Personalities

Dimple Kapadia

Jaya Bachchan

Kajol

Madhubala

Madhuri Dixit

Nargis

Preity Zinta

Rani Mukherjee

Rekha

Shabana Azmi

Sharmila Tagore

Smita Patil

Sri Devi

Sushmita Sen

Dev Anand

Kamal Haasan

Mehmood

Mithun Chakraborty

Mohanlal

Mammootty

Rajinikanth

Shahrukh Khan

Sivaji Ganesan

Raj Kapoor

Satyajit Ray

Writers

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

Premchand

Rabindranath Tagore

Anita Desai

Arundhati Roy

Jhumpa Lahiri

Mulk Raj Anand

R.K. Narayan

Salman Rushdie

Vikram Seth

V.S. Naipaul

Kiran Desai

Mahadevi Varma

Shashi Deshpande

Shobha De

Khushwant Singh

Nirad C. Chaudhuri

Subhadra Kumari Chauhan

Subramanya Bharathi

Mahasweta Devi

Scientists

C.V. Raman

Homi Bhabha

Jagdish Chandra Bose

Meghnad Saha

M. Visvesvaraya

Satyendra Nath Bose

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Vikram Sarabhai

Anil Kakodkar

APJ Abdul Kalam

Birbal Sahni

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar

Har Gobind Khorana

Social Reformers

Dayanand Saraswati

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Ramakrishna Paramhansa

Swami Vivekananda

Vinoba Bhave

Kiran Bedi

Medha Patkar

Shanta Sinha

Baba Amte

Jyotiba Phule

Shahu Chhatrapati

Indian Vocalists

Girija Devi

Kumar Gandharva

Vishwanath Rao Ringe

Pandit Jasraj

Balamurali Krishna

Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan

Bhimsen Joshi

Constitution of India

Constitution of India

The Constitution of India was enacted on 26th of January, 1950. The Constituent Assembly of India drafted the nation's Constitution. Being drafted on 26th of November, 1949, the Indian Constitution laid the foundations for establishment of the Democratic Republic of India.

Drafting of the Constitution

The Constitution of India was drafted over a period of 2 years, 11 months and 17 days. The members of Constituent Assembly of India met for the first time in the year 1946 on December 9. The next meeting of the Assembly took place on August 14th, 1947 for the dominion of India in which the proposal of forming various committees was presented. Such committees include Committee on Fundamental Rights, the Union Powers Committee and Union Constitution Committee. One of the unique factors of this meeting was that the Assembly gathered as the Sovereign Constituent Assembly of India.

On 29th August, 1947 a Drafting Committee, with Dr. Ambedkar as the Chairman, was formed on the basis of the various reports submitted by the previous committees. It was in the year 1948 that a Draft Constitution including a range of proposals was formed by the concerned committee. The Constituent Assembly of India held two meetings in February 1948 and October 1949 to go through the clauses of the Draft. Finally, from 14th to 26th of November, 1949 the Constituent Assembly analyzed each and every provision of the Draft. The then President of the Constituent Assembly of India signed the Draft on November 26th, 1949.

Today, there are 12 Schedules and 395 Articles in the Constitution of India. Amendments have been made to the Constitution time and again as per the need of the hour. Till 2006, there have been 94 Amendments made to the constitution.

Constituent Assembly

The Constituent Assembly of India was formed by the elected members of the provincial assemblies of the country. Presided over by Dr. Sachidanand Sinha for the first time, the Indian Constituent Assembly played the most important role in creating the Constitution of India. After Dr. Sinha, Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the President of the Assembly. Comprising over 30 schedule class members, the Constituent Assembly also included sections of Christians, Anglo-Indians and Minority Community. Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, being the Minority Community Chairman, also successfully worked for the Christians. While H P Modi was the representative of the Parsi community, Frank Anthony headed the Anglo-Indian section of the country in the Constituent Assembly.

Some of the prominent female personalities of the Constituent Assembly were Vijaylakshmi Pandit and Sarojini Naidu. From Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, B N Rau and Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad to K M Munshi, Sardar Patel and Alladi Krishnaswami Aiyer, each one had a major contribution towards the present form of the Constituent Assembly.

Preamble

The Preamble is one of the most significant parts of the Constitution of India. Focusing on the core objective of the Indian Constitution, the Preamble includes the following:

• Equality - which connotes equal opportunity for one and all
• Justice - which means fair judgment in the fields of politics, society and economy
• Fraternity - which works towards keeping the integrity and strength of the country intact along with special stress on individual dignity
• Liberty - which assures every citizen of India the freedom of speech and expression, religious independence and choice of going by one's own belief

The Preamble, as it is presented in the Constitution of India, is mentioned below: "WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;

IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION."

Parts of the Constitution

The Constitution of India covers a total of 395 Articles in 22 parts. The parts of the Indian Constitution are mentioned below:

• Part I - The Union and its Territory
• Part II - Citizenship
• Part III - Fundamental Rights
• Part IV - Directive Principles of State Policy
• Part IVA - Fundamental Duties
• Part V - The Union
• Part VI - The States
• Part VII - The States in Part B of the First Schedule
• Part VIII - The Union Territories
• Part IX - Panchayats
• Part IXA - Municipalities
• Part X - The Scheduled and Tribal Areas
• Part XI - Relations Between The Union and The States
• Part XII - Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits
• Part XIII - Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within The Territory of India
• Part XIV - Services Under The Union and The States
• Part XIVA - Tribunals
• Part XV- Elections
• Part XVI - Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes
• Part XVII - Official Language
• Part XVIII - Emergency Provisions
• Part XIX - Miscellaneous
• Part XX - Amendment of the Constitution
• Part XXI - Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions
• Part XXII - Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals

The Parliamentary form of Government of India was first introduced by the Constitution of the nation. Consisting of the President the Parliament of India has two Houses namely Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The President leads the Executive of the Union as the Constitutional head. The Prime Minister heads the Council of Ministers as per the Article 74(1) of the Indian Constitution. The 7th Schedule of the Constitution of India indicates that the legislative powers are shared by both the State Legislatures and the Parliament of India.

Schedules to Indian Constitution

Schedules to the Constitution of India can be added through the amendments to it. There are twelve schedules to Constitution of India, which are effective at present, are given below:

• First Schedule: This schedule is about the States and Union Territories of India.
• Second Schedule: In this Schedule, provisions made to the President and the Governors of States, Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the House of the People, the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Council of States, the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council of a State, the Judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Courts and the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
• Third Schedule: Forms of Oaths or Affirmations are mentioned in this Schedule.
• Fourth Schedule: This Schedule specifies the allocation of seats in the Council of States.
• Fifth Schedule: Provisions as to the Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes are mentioned in this Schedule. The amendment of the schedule is also included in the Part D of the Schedule.
• Sixth Schedule: This Schedule deals with the provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.
• Seventh Schedule: The List I or the Union List, List II or the State List and List III or the Concurrent List are included in this Schedule.
• Eighth Schedule: The 22 languages selected as the official languages of India are mentioned in this Schedule.
• Ninth Schedule: Validation of certain Acts and Regulations is dealt with in this Schedule
• Tenth Schedule: Provisions as to disqualification on ground of defection for the Members of Parliament and Members of the State Legislatures are mentioned in this Schedule.
• Eleventh Schedule: This Schedule talks about the powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats
• Twelfth Schedule: Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities are defined in this Schedule.

Bharat Ratna Award and Bharat Ratna Awardees

Bharat Ratna Award

India has produced a legacy of brave hearts since times immemorial. Probably there is not enough space to measure their sacrifices. However, we cannot close our eyes to those people who have made our country proud by excelling in their own fields and bringing us international recognition. Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian honour, given for exceptional service towards advancement of Art, Literature and Science, and in recognition of Public Service of the highest order.
The original specifications for the award called for a circular gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the Hindi legend "Bharat Ratna" above and a floral wreath below. The reverse was to carry the state emblem and motto. It was to be worn around the neck from a white ribbon. This design was altered after a year.

Bharat Ratna Award

Bharat Ratna Award

(Reverse Side)

T he provision of Bharat Ratna was introduced in 1954. The first ever Indian to receive this award was the famous scientist, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman. Since then, many dignitaries, each a whiz in varied aspects of their career has received this coveted award.
In fact, our former President, Shri A. P. J Abdul Kalam is also a recipient of this esteemed honour (1997). There is no written provision that Bharat Ratna should be awarded to Indian citizens only. The award has been awarded to a naturalized Indian citizen, Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, better known as Mother Teresa (1980) and to two non-Indians – Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Nelson Mandela (1990). It is also not mandatory that Bharat Ratna be awarded every year. The last time this award was given was in 2001, to Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar and Ustad Bismillah Khan.

Bharat Ratna Awardees
• Kumari Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar
Arts : 2001 : India : Maharashtra
• Late. Ustad Bismillah Khan
Arts : 2001 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Prof. Amartya Sen
Literature & Education : 1999 : United Kingdom :
• Lokpriya Gopinath (posth.) Bordoloi
Public Affairs : 1999 : India : Assam
• Loknayak Jayprakash (Posth.) Narayan
Public Affairs : 1999 : India : Bihar
• Pandit Ravi Shankar
Arts : 1999 : United States :
• Shri Chidambaram Subramaniam
Public Affairs : 1998 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Smt. M.S. Subbulakshmi
Arts : 1998 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Shri (Dr.) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Science & Engineering. : 1997 : India : Delhi
• Smt. Aruna Asaf (Posth.) Ali
Public Affairs : 1997 : India : Delhi
• Shri Gulzari Lal (Shri) Nanda
Public Affairs : 1997 : India : Gujarat
• Shri Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhai Tata
Trade & Industry : 1992 : India : Maharashtra
• Shri Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Public Affairs : 1992 : India : West Bengal
• Shri Satyajit Ray
Arts : 1992 : India : West Bengal
• Shri Morarji Ranchhodji Desai
Public Affairs : 1991 : India : Gujarat
• Shri Rajiv Gandhi
Public Affairs : 1991 : India : Delhi
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Public Affairs : 1991 : India : Gujarat
• Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedakr
Public Affairs : 1990 : India : Maharashtra
• Dr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela
Public Affairs : 1990 : South Africa :
• Shri Marudur Gopalan Ramachandran
Public Affairs : 1988 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Social Work : 1987 : Pakistan :
• Shri Acharya Vinoba Bhave
Social Work : 1983 : India : Maharashtra
• Mother Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu Teresa
Social Work : 1980 : India : West Bengal
• Shri Kumaraswamy Kamraj
Public Affairs : 1976 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Shri V.V. Giri
Public Affairs : 1975 : India : Orissa
• Smt. Indira Gandhi
Public Affairs : 1971 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri
Public Affairs : 1966 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Dr. Pandurang Vaman Kane
Social Work : 1963 : India : Maharashtra
• Dr. Zakir Hussain
Public Affairs : 1963 : India : Andhra Pradesh
• Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Public Affairs : 1962 : India : Bihar
• Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
Public Affairs : 1961 : India : West Bengal
• Shri Purushottam Das Tandon
Public Affairs : 1961 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Dr. Dhondo Keshav Karve
Social Work : 1958 : India : Maharashtra
• Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant
Public Affairs : 1957 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Dr. Bhagwan Das
Literature & Education : 1955 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Shri Jawaharlal Nehru
Public Affairs : 1955 : India : Uttar Pradesh
• Dr. M. Vishweshwariah
Civil Service : 1955 : India : Karnataka
• Shri Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
Public Affairs : 1954 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Dr. Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
Science & Engineering. : 1954 : India : Tamil Nadu
• Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan
Public Affairs : 1954 : India : Tamil Nadu

List of Book Seller for State Services Main Examination Syllabus

Click here to view List of Book Seller for State Services Main Examination Syllabus